Video: Torpedo | Wikipedia audio article

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00:01:08 1 Etymology
00:01:39 2 History
00:01:47 2.1 Middle Ages
00:02:18 2.2 Early naval mines
00:06:23 2.3 Invention of the modern torpedo
00:08:26 2.4 Production and spread
00:12:38 2.5 Torpedo boats and guidance systems
00:16:24 2.6 Use in conflict
00:19:35 2.7 Aerial torpedo
00:22:05 2.8 World War I
00:23:10 2.9 World War II
00:27:31 2.10 Frequency-hopping
00:28:12 2.11 Post–World War II
00:30:18 3 Energy sources
00:30:27 3.1 Compressed air
00:31:41 3.2 Heated torpedoes
00:32:10 3.3 Wet-heater
00:32:55 3.4 Compressed oxygen
00:33:51 3.5 Wire driven
00:34:32 3.6 Flywheel
00:35:15 3.7 Electric batteries
00:36:41 3.8 Rockets
00:37:12 3.9 Modern drive systems
00:37:33 4 Propulsion
00:38:39 5 Guidance
00:39:07 5.1 Unguided
00:42:09 5.2 Pattern running
00:42:41 5.3 Radio and wire guidance
00:43:27 5.4 Homing
00:45:01 6 Warhead and fuzing
00:45:58 6.1 Contact detonation
00:46:34 6.2 Proximity detonation
00:47:37 6.3 Damage
00:48:17 6.3.1 Direct damage
00:48:44 6.3.2 Bubble jet effect
00:49:51 6.3.3 Shock effect
00:50:53 7 Control surfaces and hydrodynamics
00:51:22 8 Launch platforms and launchers
00:52:00 8.1 Ships
00:54:30 8.2 Submarines
00:56:39 8.3 Air launch
00:57:01 9 Handling equipment
00:57:37 10 Classes and diameters
00:59:49 11 Use by various navies
00:59:58 11.1 French Navy
01:00:06 11.2 German Navy
01:00:49 11.3 Imperial Japanese Navy
01:01:20 11.4 Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
01:01:54 11.5 Indian Navy
01:02:11 11.6 Royal Canadian Navy
01:02:28 11.7 Royal Navy
01:02:52 11.8 Russian Navy
01:03:31 11.9 U.S. Navy
01:04:00 12 See also
01:04:36 13 Notes

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SUMMARY
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A modern torpedo is a self-propelled weapon with an explosive warhead, launched above or below the water surface, propelled underwater towards a target, and designed to detonate either on contact with its target or in proximity to it.
Historically, it was called an automotive, automobile, locomotive or fish torpedo; colloquially called a fish. The term torpedo was originally employed for a variety of devices, most of which would today be called mines. From about 1900, torpedo has been used strictly to designate an underwater self-propelled weapon.
While the battleship had evolved primarily around engagements between armoured ships with large-calibre guns, the torpedo allowed torpedo boats and other lighter surface ships, submersibles, even ordinary fishing boats or frogmen, and later, aircraft, to destroy large armoured ships without the need of large guns, though sometimes at the risk of being hit by longer-range shellfire.
Modern torpedoes can be divided into lightweight and heavyweight classes; and into straight-running, autonomous homers, and wire-guided. They can be launched from a variety of platforms.

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